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ネット収益維持: NRR を計算して成長させるための SaaS ガイド
知っていると思いますが、リマインドします：新しい顧客の獲得は、ビジネスにより多くの収益を生み出すための最も費用対効果の高い方法です。はい、顧客獲得は重要です。しかし、現在の顧客ベースを維持して販売を継続することで、支出を減らして収益を上げることができます。
これはネットの収益維持率 （NRR）とどのような関係があるでしょうか？たくさんあります！
NRR は、一定期間内に維持し、既存の顧客から得た経常収益と、ダウングレードやキャンセルによって失った収益を測定します。純収益維持率を計算すると、ビジネスが長期的に生き残り、繁栄するのに十分な顧客を維持しているかどうかをよりよく理解できます。
この投稿では、NRR が SaaS 企業にとって重要な指標である理由をさらに詳しく説明します：
- NRR を定義し、それを使用してビジネスの成長に貢献する方法、
- 簡単な式を使用して NRR を計算する方法、
- あなたのビジネスのネット収益維持率を改善する方法、
- ネットの収益維持とグロスの総収益維持の違い、
さあ、始めましょう
NRR measures how much recurring revenue you’ve retained and generated from existing customers over a set period of time vs. how much you’ve lost from downgrades and cancellations. Calculating net revenue retention gives you a better idea of whether your business retains enough customers to survive and prosper in the long term.
In this post, we’ll dig further into why NRR is a key metric for SaaS companies by sharing the following:
- What NRR is and how to use it to contribute to your business’s growth
- How to calculate NRR using a simple formula
- Ways to improve your business’s net revenue retention rate
- The difference between net revenue retention and gross revenue retention
Let’s dive in!
What is Net Revenue Retention?
Why net revenue retention matters
View customer satisfaction and loyalty
Strategically acquire new customers
Identify issues related to customer retention and churn
Forecast the financial health and growth of your business
Better determine whether your customers find long-term value in your service
Factors that influence Net revenue retention
Pricing and packaging strategy
How to calculate net revenue retention
NRR Calculator – Excel Template
What Is a good net revenue retention rate for SaaS companies?
How to improve net revenue retention
Ways to reduce customer churn and improve net revenue retention
Invest in customer success team (CS)
Update and improve your product regularly
Ways to increase expansion and improve net revenue retention
Introduce new premium features
Ways to prevent downgrades and improve net revenue retention
Promote the most valuable features
Ask customers why they’re downgrading
Net revenue retention vs. gross revenue retention
Net Revenue Retention and Customer Success (CS)
The Challenges of Tracking Net Revenue Retention
NRR is a customer-centric metric
Impact of NRR of team size, technology and customer marketing
What is Net Revenue Retention?
- Recurring revenue (monthly or annually)
- Expansion revenue (from upsells and cross-sells)
- Revenue lost from downgrades
- Revenue lost from customer churn
Why net revenue retention matters
Net revenue retention is one of the essential customer success KPIs to measure SaaS and subscription-based companies’ business health. It tells you about your business expansion, growth, and retention metrics.
As a SaaS company, you’ll track NRR as a measure to:
View customer satisfaction and loyalty
Strategically acquire new customers
When your customers are satisfied with your product or service, you’ve secured your business as a powerful source for referral and recommendation.
Identify issues related to customer retention and churn
A decline or fall in NRR can be an early warning indicator of potential customer retention or churn issues. Keeping an eye on net revenue retention enables you to identify and address these challenges early.
Forecast the financial health and growth of your business
A consistent high net revenue retention can be a good metric to gain valuable insight into your business’s financial health. And these insights can be used to forecast your business growth accurately.
Better determine whether your customers find long-term value in your service
The trends of your customer upgrades or churn reflect a lot about the value of your service. Especially when customers keep getting value for their money, they want to continue doing business with you, and when they no longer get such value, they churn. A higher NRR can correlate with customers getting long-term value to continue using your service. A lower NRR indicates customers may not find long-term value in using your service.
Factors that influence Net revenue retention
Customer churn
This is the percentage of users or customers who canceled their subscriptions or stopped doing business with you. A high churn means a low net revenue. Studies have shown that reducing churn by 5% can increase your profit by 25% – 95%.
Customer lifetime value
This measures how much revenue you expect to generate from a customer over their lifetime with your business. It can impact your revenue retention as it influences your business potential for upselling/cross-selling and repeated purchases from your existing customer. A high LTV shows that your customers will likely generate more revenue for your business, yielding higher NRR.
Gross revenues
Pricing and packaging strategy
Offering customers flexible, personalized, and value-added pricing options can drive customer retention, increasing your net revenue retention. McKinsey’s studies found that a systematic improvement of business pricing can have a lasting impact on profitability.
How to calculate net revenue retention
For example, assume your business starts this month with $100,000 MRR. Then you’re able to generate $10,000 as additional revenue from upsells and cross-sells to existing customers. However, your customer churn rate for the month is 5%. Hence you’ve lost $5000 in monthly revenue. Also, due to some customers downgrading their subscription, you lost $2000.
Data:
Expansion (due to upgrades) = $10,000
Churn rate = (5*100,000/100 = $5,000)
Downgrades = $2,000
Now, here’s how you’d plug in the numbers from the example above:
NRR = ( [$100,000 + $10,000 – $5,000 – $2,000] / $100, 000) * 100
NRR = ( [$110,000 – $7,000] / $100, 000) * 100
NRR = ( $103,000 / $100,000) *100
NRR = 1.03 * 100
NRR = 103
Therefore, the NRR for your business is 103%.
Let’s analyze the data:
Start MRR = $300,000
Expansion (due to upgrades) = $30,000
Churn rate = (20% of $30,000 = $6,000)
Downgrades = $5,000
Now, here’s how you’d plug in the numbers from the example above:
NRR = ($300,000 + $30,000 – $60,000 – $5,000 / $300,000) x 100 = 88.3%
NRR Calculator – Excel Template
If you want something simpler, we’ve provided an interactive spreadsheet to plug your numbers into.
What Is a good net revenue retention rate for SaaS companies?
Here are companies with NRR of 120 or higher
- Snowflake – 169%
- Twilio – 155%
- Datadog – 146%
- Slack – 143%
- Zoom – 140%
- Elastic – 130%
- Crowdstrike – 128%
According to the data from SaaSBrief:
100% or below — Investigate and identify the cause of the issue.
That being said, a net revenue retention rate of around 90% can still be a good sign. With a few tweaks, your business could have a viable path toward growth.
So, how can you achieve a net revenue retention rate of 100% or higher?
WEBINAR
Create a Winning Good Better Best Pricing Strategy
While pricing and packaging is one of the most powerful mechanisms to capture new customers, it is also the area that requires the most significant change in mindset. To help, we have developed a 3D Pricing and Packaging (P&P) Framework, embedded in real life examples, specific guidance, and benchmarks.
How to improve net revenue retention
- Reducing customer churn
- Increasing expansion revenue
- Preventing downgrades
Let’s look at actions you can take for each one.
Ways to reduce customer churn and improve net revenue retention
Customer churn is usually the biggest culprit of a low net revenue retention rate. If your churn rate is too high for too long, your business is in danger no matter how many new customers you acquire or how much expansion revenue you generate. Here are some ways to reduce customer churn:
Invest in customer success team (CS)
- CS teams create a positive relationship between the company and ensure customers get the value they anticipated from your company. According to a Gartner study, 15% of customer interaction adds value. Furthermore, it illustrates that customers who experience value-enhanced service are likely to stay. Here’s a crash course on the Key SaaS and Customer Success metrics you should be familiar with.
Improve customer support
- Ensure you have a strong customer support system that is easy for customers to contact using whichever method they prefer. This could include live chat, phone support, email support, a detailed FAQ page, etc.
Offer incentives
- Offering incentives is a great way to keep customers from leaving because it gives them some unexpected additional value. For example, you could offer discounts, freebies, or extended trials.
Increase communication
- Keep in touch with your customers regularly to inform them about product updates, impressive case studies, and new ways to use your service. This could be through your email newsletter or social media updates.
Update and improve your product regularly
- Continue to add value to your service by making product improvements based on customer feedback. The increased value will help customers feel that their return on investment with your service is growing over time.
Ways to increase expansion and improve net revenue retention
Once you’ve tackled churn, increasing the revenue generated from your existing customer base is another effective way to improve your net revenue retention rate. Here are some ways to increase expansion revenue:
Introduce new premium features
- Adding new features to your product is a great way to get customers interested in upgrading. These additional features should reflect your customers’ needs, which can also be found by analyzing customer feedback.
Offer discounts
- Offering discounts on upgrades or add-ons is a great way to encourage customers to buy more from you. For example, you can discount existing customers who have recently referred a friend or signed up for annual billing.
Create bundles
- Bundling your products and services together is a great way to increase sales. Think about how to market your upsells and cross-sells so they complement each other and offer a discount for buying them together.
Give a free trial
- A free trial of the next tier of your service can be a great way to increase expansion revenue. By giving potential customers a taste of what they can get by paying more, you can increase the likelihood they’ll upgrade their subscription. You may also think about a Freemium model.
Ways to prevent downgrades and improve net revenue retention
When a customer downgrades, you have a clear sign that something about your service is failing to justify the price. You’ll want to address these issues immediately to prevent the customer from canceling their subscription. Here are some ways to prevent downgrades:
Encourage annual billing
- When customers pay for a year upfront, they’re more likely to stick around for the long haul without requesting to downgrade. If you aren’t already, consider offering a discount for subscribing to an annual plan.
Promote the most valuable features
- If you can show customers how much they’re getting for their money, they may be less likely to downgrade. For example, ensure your customers know which features are exclusive to the premium plan.
Ask customers why they’re downgrading
- Surveying customers who choose to downgrade can help you identify areas where your product or service is falling short. Then, you can work on making improvements so that customers will be less likely to downgrade in the future.
Net revenue retention vs. gross revenue retention
Gross revenue retention (GRR) is another metric SaaS businesses can check to understand how well they’re doing. GRR also measures the recurring revenue that a company retains. But, unlike NRR, it does not include revenue from expansion from upsells and cross-sells. Consequently, your gross revenue retention will always be equal to or lower than the net revenue retention rate, never exceeding 100%.
Because GRR focuses exclusively on recurring revenue, it’s a more conservative metric than NRR when making financial projections. This makes it a good number to know when speaking to investors concerned about your business’s financial health.
While NRR and GRR are important metrics for SaaS businesses, NRR is a more holistic measure of a business’s growth because it encompasses all aspects of the customer lifecycle.
Net Revenue Retention and Customer Success (CS)
Customer success teams are important in driving any company’s net revenue retention.
They don’t only drive value to existing customers and keep them engaged and satisfied — they give a remarkable level of insight into customers, their challenges, and how a company’s solutions can effectively address those pain points.
In a Podcast on The Revenue Hustle, Michael Maday, Senior Director of Customer Success at Gainsight, speaks about the importance of customer success in driving the company’s NRR:
“No one knows the customer better than we do. No one knows the challenges that they have, the solution that we have, and how those two things can meet together and organically grow an account.”
He further says, “We’re also, in some ways, the protector of our customers from our partners in sales.” The CS team is best positioned to align customer needs with company solutions. By providing relevant solutions and constantly nurturing customer relationships, businesses can experience growth in existing customers, which results in higher net revenue retention.
Michael suggested, “Having your CS team influence growth and be accountable for growth gives you checks and balances.“
Learn more on the correlation between NRR and customer success from the CEO of Gainsight in an interview with McKinsey, “Net retention and customer success: Gainsight CEO Nick Mehta on winning at SaaS.”
The Challenges of Tracking Net Revenue Retention
While there’s no gainsaying about the importance of net revenue retention, tracking it could pose some challenges as its data is spread across multiple sources. Some of the key challenges include:
- Metric consistency: NRR has different formulas depending on the formula used (e.g., starting MRR vs. ending MRR, including or excluding expansion revenue, etc.). Ensuring consistency in the calculation used across different periods and comparisons can be challenging, specifically when there are changes in business models, pricing strategies, or accounting practices.
- Benchmarking: Due to a lack of standard benchmarks in the industry, benchmarking net revenue retention rates against industry peers or best practices could be challenging. You may have to try to identify and collect relevant benchmarking data and interpret it according to your business’s unique circumstances.
- Frequency of tracking: Tracking net revenue retention rates may require regular monitoring and updates to capture changes in customer behavior, market dynamics, or business strategies. Determining the appropriate frequency of tracking and reporting revenue retention rates can take time and effort, depending on the business’ size, complexity, and available data resources.
Who should own NRR
The customer success team should own NRR. This is according to the 2022 Customer Success Leadership study of over 1000 CS leaders. However, it’s important to understand that NRR doesn’t only depend on effort from the CS team alone.
NRR requires input, efforts, strategy, and collaboration from multiple teams, such as a company’s sales, product, finance, and executive teams — since it reflects the company’s ability to retain and generate more revenue from existing customers.
NRR is a customer-centric metric
As shown above, we can see that CS teams with larger and higher revenue tend to prioritize NRR more than smaller companies with lower revenue bands.
This shows that CS is becoming more revenue-tied rather than being a one-dimensional “happiness team.”
Impact of NRR of team size, technology and customer marketing
The 2020 Customer Leadership Study has shown some correlation between NRR and team size, technology, and customer marketing.
According to the study, 57% of teams with customer success platforms will likely have a positive NRR above 100%. Of these, 36% have an NRR between 101% and 110%, and 21% have an NRR of 110% or higher.
The same study also shows a positive correlation between NRR and CS team expansion, as shown above. Based on 491 respondents, over 309 (63%) companies with 110% and above NRR indicated that their CS platform was growing.
Key takeaways
Net revenue retention is a key metric to determine if your SaaS company is generating enough revenue from your existing customers to offset revenue lost due to churn and downgrades.
To calculate the net revenue retention rate for a particular month, you’ll use the following formula:
NRR = Starting MRR + Expansion – Churn – Downgrades / Starting MRR
If you’d like to calculate it based on annual revenue, you’ll replace MRR with Annual Recurring Revenue (ARR) in that formula.
Ideally, your business will have a net revenue retention rate of 100% or more. But if it’s lower than that, don’t panic just yet. You can improve NRR by using our shared ideas to reduce churn, increase expansion revenue, and prevent downgrades.
Gross revenue retention (GRR) is another key SaaS metric. But, unlike NRR, GRR does not account for expansion revenue, making it a more conservative metric to evaluate your business’s projected financial growth. That said, NRR provides a more holistic measurement of that growth because it accounts for all aspects of the customer lifecycle.
Metric consistency, benchmarking, and frequency tracking are some of the challenges of tracking NRR
NRR is a customer-centric metric, and the CS team owns it
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